Grid Coordinate Converter

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Latitude - Longitude for Global Positioning System receivers.

Most consumer GPS units have a choice of more than 10 different grid systems and some of these grids have sub-choices to consider. Some of the more common are Latitude - Longitude, Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) and Military Grid Reference System (MRGS).

In an effort to offer an understanding how the Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers indicate a position, the user should understand what some of the options are. The grid system indicates how the position or waypoint is represented to the user as a geographic coordinate.

This discussion will be on the Latitude - Longitude settings in your GPS unit.

Latitude is an angular measurement from the center of the earth in a north and south direction from the equator. The earth is figuratively divided into a north and south hemisphere at the equator. The angle is taken from an imaginary line that is drawn from the north and south poles through the earth and begins at a point where the equator would intersect that line. Latitude lines are imaginary parallel lines, with zero degrees (0°) being at the equator and ninety degrees (90°) at the poles. Think of latitude lines slices of an onion for a hamburger or as rungs on a ladder. The value increases or decreases as you move north or south. They are designated as "N" or "S" depending on the hemisphere.

Longitude values are also an angular measurement from the center point but in a east-west direction at the equator. Longitudes are imaginary meridian lines. All longitude lines meet at the north and south poles. Each constant longitude line is in fact a great circle line around the earth and is basically perpendicular to latitude lines. By international agreement, zero degrees (0°) longitude is called the Prime Meridian and is a north south line that is located through Greenwich, England. The same zero degree line which extends to the north and south poles continues around the other side of the earth and is found in the Pacific Ocean. This same line is designated as one hundred and eighty degrees (180°) longitude at that location. This meridian line splits the earth into a west and east hemisphere. Longitudes are shown as a degree value east or west from the Prime Meridian. Locations to the east of the Prime Meridian are said to be in the Eastern hemisphere and those west of the line are said to be in the Western hemisphere. The value increase up to 180° or decrease to 0° as one would move east or west.

Geodetic Toolkit Conversion Tools

Here you will find complete information about websites who provide FREE GIS, Remote Sensing, spatial and hydrology data as a service, also tons of interesting articles, tutorials and reviews about GIS, Remote Sensing and Spatial Hydrology data and data warehouses where you can download spatial data FREE with a minimum effort. For an example where you can directly download FREE spatial data which are been catalogued by Global, Regional, Continent, Country and river basin wise. Smart web-based tools for some coordination conversion routines. The State Plane Coordinate system provides coordinates on a flat grid for easy computation while maintaining a difference between geodetic and grid distance of one part in 10,000 or better. The utilities in this package provide methods for converting between Geodetic Positions and State Plane Coordinates. The State Plane Coordinate system divides the U.S. into a hundred or more distinct grid surfaces (Zones). Do not mix coordinates from one Zone with that in another. In you need to cross Zone boundaries, use Geodetic Positions. The utilities in this package provide methods for converting between Geodetic Positions and State Plane Coordinates or for finding an SPC Zone. FAIR USE NOTICE: This site contains copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of environmental, political, human rights, economic, democracy, scientific, and social justice issues, sustainable development, environmental, community and worker health, democracy, public disclosure, corporate accountability, and social justice issues, etc. We have included the full text of the article rather than a simple link because we have found that links frequently go "bad" or change over time.

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